Propriedades e aplicações do composto Azadiractina extraída do nim da Índia (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)

Abstract

Azadirachtin considered as a gold mine that is extracted from the neem plant from India that is easily accessible, is reported in the present study which is characterized as an exploratory descriptive literature review, an overview of the chemical properties, extraction methods are presented, application and use of the azadirachtin molecule. The molecule is extracted from the fruit that is found in greater abundance, with emphasis on the alternative use of biopesticide in the livestock industry, aiming at quality of life and for remaining in the soil for a short time. The compound azadirachtin has chemical properties of great relevance from a nutritional and medicinal point of view, in addition, there is a need to encourage the advancement of scientific research aimed at characterizing the activities of azadirachtin with the perspective of achieving the development of research and applications in industries cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and agriculture. It also aims to raise awareness of the importance and the vast benefits it brings to humanity. The results obtained demonstrate the ability that azadirachtin has against different types of diseases and activity against agricultural pests and repellent action. The mapped works that correspond to pharmacological/medicinal activity are 23% of the selected works, 77% of the mapped works correspond to most of the repellent/insecticide activity applied in agriculture and in the fight against pests and mosquitoes. It is concluded that azadirachtin is a rich and effective compound for humanity