Complicações orais em pacientes tratados com radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço em um hospital de referência de Teresina-PI

Abstract

Radiotherapy is a widely used therapeutic modality for the treatment of head and neck malingancies. However, high doses of radiation can cause oral sequalae that siginificantlhy affect patient’s quality of life. Complications caused by radiotherapy include xerostomia, mucositis, oral candidiasis, dysgeusia and trismus. The aim of this study is to analyze the oral complications that can be detected during radiotherapy treatment in the head and neck region with the aid of medical diagnosis. The research was conducted with medical records of patientes undergoing radiotherapy treatment in a referral hospital in the capital of Piaui for two months in 2019 and had observational and descriptive aspects for information collection. Most of the patients evaluated underwent concomitant treatment (radiotherapy and chemotherapy), corresponding to 16 patients in the total sample. The most frequent neoplasm was oropharynx tumor with a total of five patients from the sample universe. The most frequent age group corresponded between 80 and 90 years of age of the patients present in this study. Most of the lesions found in the study were related to concomitant cancer treatment, such as trismus, hyposalivation, mucositis and candiosis.