Qualidade da água do Rio Preto, Formosa do Rio Preto - BA: usos e implicações na qualidade de vida da população

Abstract

Water bodies are essential for maintaining the life of fauna and flora, one of the most used natural resources, both to maintain the basic needs of populations, as well as for food production and economic development. In view of the exposed factors, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the water quality of the rio Preto to associate with the main environmental and public health problems of the city of Formosa do rio Preto. To evaluate the water quality of the black river, four sampling points, Aldeia, Cement Bridge, Madeira Bridge and Ia Iu locality were used. In the sample were quantified variables of dissolved oxygen, hydrogenation potential, fecal and total coliforms, temperature, phosphorus; nitrate and nitrite. The main results obtained reflect in the alteration of pH, phosphorus, dissolved oxygen and fecal and total coliforms, which were present in the two collection periods, with the main factors being anthropic action, organic matter and the excessive use of agrochemicals of grain production areas located upstream of the rio Preto, and parameters that were as established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/05 such as nitrate and nitrite. However, it is concluded that the presence of phosphorus found above that allowed in the rio Preto waters, triggers the eutrophication of the river, favoring the microorganisms that use oxygen in their respiratory processes, decreasing the O.D content in the water, and can increase the mortality of aquatic animals causing potential risks to the population, mainly those who use the raw water of the river, for example the residents living in the rural area of the municipality.