Aplicação do ácido gadoxético em ressonância magnética para avaliação de hemangioma hepático: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Liver tumors are common in at least 9% of the population, they are classified as benign tumors and malignant tumors. Among benign tumors, hepatic hemangioma is the most common tumor, affecting 7% of cases. Magnetic resonance imaging has contributed greatly to imaging medicine with great analysis of human anatomy and physiology and visualization of various tissues. Gadoxic acid has as main function the detection and differentiation of focal liver lesions, since it provides a dynamic and specific analysis, as a function of selective uptake by functioning hepatocytes and subsequent excretion by bile, making possible an efficient diagnosis of the multiphasic dynamic study of the liver. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of gadoxético acid in the study of hepatic hemangioma, demonstrating its functioning and action in the liver, besides highlighting how the hepatic hemangioma is evidenced after the intravenous injection of gadoxético acid in the patient. METHODOLOGY: The study was carried out through an integrative review of the literature. The research was carried out in the databases Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) with publications between 2011 and 2019. There were 11 articles of the which 8 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The study of liver with gadoxic acid in MRI is more useful than the study with common extracellular gadolinium because it provides analyzes in the arterial, portal and late / equilibrium phases and adds information in the hepatobiliary phase interacting with normofunctioning hepatocytes. The hepatic hemangioma presents hypersignal in T2, hyposignal in T1, nodular, peripheral and discontinuous enhancement in the arterial phase, in the hepatobiliary phase manifests with hyposignal, because it does not have functioning hepatocytes. CONCLUSION: The best method for evaluating focal liver lesions is enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with gadoxético acid. Hepatic hemangioma is a neoplasm that usually, not having the degree aggravated, does not require treatment, your diagnosis is important to prevent invasive procedures.