Qualidade de sementes crioulas de feijão-caupi produzidas no assentamento rural pereira, fortuna-ma

Abstract

It is a common practice in family farming to reserve part of the cowpea grains produced in a harvest to be used as multiplication material in the following year. Therefore, these seeds are rarely of high quality. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the quality of seeds produced in the Pereira Rural Settlement, municipality of Fortuna, Maranhão. Seeds of the cultivars Sempre-verde, Bage-podre and Roxinho, harvest 2023, were used. The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Laboratory of the Uruçuí Campus - IFPI, under a completely randomized design with four replications, with the treatments arranged in a 3x4 factorial scheme, represented by cultivars and seed storage periods (0, 60, 120 and 180 days). The seeds were analyzed immediately after harvest and throughout storage, using the following tests: water content; weight of a thousand seeds; germination test; electrical conductivity test; accelerated aging test and emergency field test, with determination of the percentage and emergency speed index (IVE). The seeds of cv. Roxinho showed higher germination (81%) than the other cultivars, with cv. Worst performing Bage-podre (14%), regardless of storage. Although the vigor of the seeds was affected after 60 days of storage, the Roxinho and Sempre-verde cultivars showed greater vigor compared to the seeds of cv. Bage- podre. Therefore, germination and vigor are influenced by genotypes, with the former being maintained during storage for 120 days and vigor being reduced after 60 days