Estudo das propriedades eletrônicas do grafeno

Abstract

Graphene, one of the crystalline forms of carbon, a hexagonal-shaped dimension since its discovery in 2004, has increasingly attracted the attention of several researchers, both in experimental exploration and in theoretical study. Mainly for presenting interesting properties and diverse applications in nanoelectronics and in many other fields. In this context, the present work aims to study in a theoretical way as basic characteristics of graphene, specifically its energy dispersion. In this way, the work takes shape with a bibliographical analysis about the basic characteristics of the carbon atom and the hybridization process of its orbitals. Considering a structural form of graphene and its dimensions, it became necessary to study its crystalline structure and the basic ideas of quantum mechanics for the determination of an expression that describes a dispersion of energy and some of its properties. We use the Fortran programming language and other programs suitable for the construction of graphene sheets of different formats and to obtain the spectrum of energy related to each size. The results obtained were quite satisfactory, where we verified that the energy spectrum varies as graphene dimensions, approaching with the results of the literature.