Produção de mudas de maracujazeiro redondo-amarelo no semiárido piauiense em diferentes substratos

Abstract

Passion fruit stands out in the national fruit growing scene as it is a crop highly adapted to the climatic and agronomic conditions of Brazil, mainly in the Northeast region. The choice of a quality substrate is a limiting factor for the production of seedlings, a good substrate must contain excellent physical, chemical and biological properties, which will reflect on the quality of the seedlings, favoring good rooting and availability of nutrients, making it of an environment conducive to good plant development. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of round-yellow passion fruit seedlings in different types of substrates and with the use of Osmocote, in the semi-arid climate of Piauí. The experiment was conducted from July to August 2023, at the IFPI Campus Valença. The design model adopted was completely randomized design (DIC), in a 6x3 scheme, with 6 treatments and 3 blocks, with 10 replications each. The treatments consisted of the following substrates, all in a 1:1 ratio, namely: Soil + commercial substrate (Tropstrato Hortaliças HA®); Soil + tanned cattle manure; Soil + Slow Release Fertilizer (Osmocote®); Soil + Organic Compost; Commercial Substrate (Tropstrato Hortaliças HA®); and only Solo as a witness. The following evaluations were carried out: germination percentage; at 30 and 60 days after germination, seedling height, stem diameter, length of the largest leaf and length of the smallest leaf and number of leaves were evaluated; root length, fresh matter and dry matter of the root and shoot were evaluated 60 days after germination. The results of the evaluation of the germination of yellow passion fruit seeds indicate that the commercial substrate Tropstrato Hortaliças HA® stood out as the most effective, resulting in a notable germination rate of 90%, followed by the Soil + Organic Compost compound substrate where 83 .33% of the seeds germinated. Furthermore, the analysis of morphological evaluations revealed that the organic compound (soil + compost) was the most favorable for the initial development of passion fruit seedlings. The results of the analysis of the weight of the fresh matter of the shoots and roots, as well as the dry matter, show that the composite substrate (soil + compost) provided the best performance, highlighting the importance of the appropriate choice of substrates for successful production. of passion fruit seedlings. These results reinforce the importance of considering not only germination, but also the subsequent development of seedlings when choosing the most suitable substrate.