Os atuais desafios do ensino de Química no processo de ensino aprendizagem na educação básica para cegos: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

The teaching of Chemistry to blind people has become an area of growing interest in the educational field, especially due to the challenges imposed by the pursuit of truly inclusive education that meets the specific needs of this group. This study aimed to review the literature on the subject, exploring the main methodologies and adapted teaching materials, as well as the advances and obstacles encountered in the inclusion of blind students in Chemistry classes. The research also investigated the main difficulties in the Chemistry teaching-learning process aimed at this audience. The adopted methodology was an exploratory review, analyzing scientific articles, dissertations, and theses on the topic. The selected studies addressed content adaptation, the development of accessible resources such as Braille books and three-dimensional models and teacher training to meet the specificities of Chemistry education for blind people. The results indicated that, although there have been advances in the development of inclusive materials and methodologies, there is still a significant gap in the implementation of practical activities in Chemistry classes which are essential for the understanding of chemical concepts by blind students. Teacher training also proved to be a critical issue, pointing to the need for continuous and specialized qualification to ensure truly accessible and effective teaching. It is concluded that the full inclusion of blind individuals in Chemistry education requires ongoing efforts, especially in adapting practical activities, developing accessible teaching resources, and training education professionals.