Eficácia do manejo biológico e químico na mitigação dos danos causados por meloidogyne spp. na cultura da soja: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the world's leading agricultural crops, notable for its economic and social relevance in the context of global commodities. Even with its wide adaptation to edaphoclimatic conditions and advancements in genetic improvement, soybean productivity still faces challenges related to biotic and abiotic factors. Among these, plant-parasitic nematodes, such as Meloidogyne spp., significantly compromise production. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of chemical and biological approaches in mitigating damages caused by Meloidogyne spp., based on a literature review. The methodology adopted involved a systematic literature review, analyzing scientific publications and technical reports on the subject. It explored recent studies highlighting the impact of different integrated management practices. The effectiveness of chemical nematicides in temporarily reducing nematode populations was identified, though they face limitations related to environmental sustainability and the development of resistance. In parallel, biological control, utilizing microorganisms such as Purpureocillium lilacinum and Bacillus subtilis, proved promising by reducing Meloidogyne spp. populations and improving soil and plant health. It's important to note that results emphasize integrated approaches, combining chemical and biological methods, exhibit greater efficiency in nematode management while promoting the sustainability and economic viability of soybean production. The conclusion is that adopting integrated strategies is essential to minimize the impacts of Meloidogyne spp. and ensure the competitive productivity of the crop