Etnobotânica das Plantas Medicinais Cultivadas nos Quintais do Bairro Bacuri, em Bertolínia–PI

Abstract

This work aims to investigate the use of medicinal plants grown in the backyards of the Bacuri neighborhood, in Bertolínia-PI, valuing local traditional knowledge and promoting awareness about the rational use of these species. The methodology used in this study was the snowball sampling technique, in which the first interviewees chosen for having recognized knowledge about the use of medicinal plants were invited to indicate other individuals with similar knowledge, gradually expanding the network of participants. It involves field research with recorded interviews and application of socioeconomic questionnaires.The sample consisted of residents with low levels of education, with a predominance of retired elderly people or beneficiaries of social programs, evidencing a close relationship with the practice of using medicinal plants as an affordable alternative to health care. Twelve species of plants used for medicinal purposes were identified, distributed in 10 botanical families, Lamiaceae was the most representative family, the most mentioned species were mint (Mentha spicata), boldo (Plectranthus barbatus), lemon balm (Lippia alba) and mastruz (Chenopodium ambrosioides). The most used part of the plant mentioned by the interviewees was the leaf, mentioned 32 times. Tea was the most mentioned form of preparation.The information obtained in this study demonstrates that communities maintain a rich repertoire of popular knowledge, transmitted predominantly orally, which recognizes several plant species with therapeutic functions, used to treat different health conditions. The conclusions reinforce the importance of preserving popular knowledge related to medicinal plants, considering their relevance in promoting health, especially in contexts of socioeconomic vulnerability. In addition, the role of educational materials in strengthening this tradition is highlighted, transforming ancestral knowledge into accessible and updated information, ensuring the continuity of these practices for future generations. The work contributes to the strengthening of cultural heritage and encourages the integration between popular knowledge and science, promoting responsible and sustainable use