Blockchain: benefícios e limitações para a governança pública no Brasil

Abstract

This study analyzes the benefits and limitations of applying blockchain technology to Brazilian public governance. The research is characterized as basic scientific research with a qualitative approach and exploratory nature, based on a bibliographic review of recent and relevant sources.The objective of the study is to understand how blockchain can contribute to improving the efficiency, transparency, and reliability of public administration. The results show that the technology possesses characteristics such as decentralization, immutability, and traceability, which support the modernization of administrative processes. Among the main identified uses are the secure sharing of data, the automation of administrative contracts through smart contracts, and the enhancement of public audits. However, the research also reveals significant challenges, such as the lack of specific regulations, insufficient technological infrastructure, and organizational resistance to innovation. It is concluded that, although the adoption of the technology is still at an early stage in Brazil, blockchain represents a strategic opportunity to strengthen public governance, provided that institutional and technical barriers are overcome.