Análise dos índices de desmatamento nos municípios de Esperantina e Piracuruca localizados no norte do Piauí

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the dynamics of deforestation in the municipalities of Esperantina and Piracuruca(PI) between 2020 and 2024, evaluating their socioeconomic and environmental implications, the effectiveness of forest conservation policies and the impact on local biodiversity and local communities. The theoretical foundation addressed environmental degradation, the historical dynamics of deforestation in Piauí, the legal aspects linked to the protection of ecosystems and the role of conservation units (UCs), providing a critical basis to contextualize the problem. The study combined quantitative analysis of mapbioma data, bibliographic and documentary review, with emphasis on the temporal evolution of vegetation cover and the relationship with local economic activities. The results indicated that in: Esperantina presented moderate fluctuations in deforestation, while Piracuruca registered accelerated growth, especially between 2022 and 2024, associated with agricultural expansion, pressure from productive lands and variations in environmental inspection efficiency. Negative impacts on biodiversity and traditional communities, whose sustainable practices face challenges due to conflicts between conservation and economic demands have also been identified. The need for public policies was highlighted adapted to municipal realities was highlighted, including the strengthening of monitoring via georeferenced technologies, rigorous application of sanctions to environmental infractions and educational programs that integrate preservation and development. The study reinforces the importance of intersectoral approaches to balance production and sustainability, ensuring the protection of sensitive biomes and the rights of populations that depend directly on forest resources, with recommendations to expand future research on participatory management strategies and .