Propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e acústicas de espumas sintáticas obtidas por diferentes rotas de processamentos

Abstract

Polymeric syntactic foams are composites made from the mixture of glass hollow microspheres (MOV) and polymer matrices and have low density as one of the main characteristics. The production of these polymers composites originating from renewable sources enhances their development without neglecting sustainable bias. Since this sustainable context, the present work evaluates the properties of syntactic foams produced by high density green polyethylene (HDGPE) and hollow glass microspheres (HGM) with contents of 1% and 5% by mass and 5% compatibilizer agent prepared throughout three processing routes: single screw extrusion, twin screw extrusion and internal mixer. The foams were evaluated for morphology, mechanical properties, density, thermal and acoustic behavior, as well as flame resistance. Morphologically, the foams presented low matrix/filler adhesion, with better dispersions observed for the process via twin screw extruder and internal mixer. The density of the foams was reduced in relation to the polymer matrix, as well as modulus of elasticity, limit of resistance to maximum strength and elongation. The foams prepared via twin screw extrusion and internal mixer improved four times the impact strength of the matrix. As for the thermal degradation, the syntactic foams presented greater stability against the pure polymer, with the reduction in the firing rate of the HDGPE. Among the processing conditions, the foams prepared by internal mixer presented the highest sound absorption coefficients between the frequencies of 250-3150 Hz, better mechanical and thermal behavior, and lower density.