Análise fitoquímicoa e toxicidade da espécie Brunfelsia uniflora

Abstract

Brunfelsia uniflora specie is a plant belonging to the Solanaceae family, popularly known as manacá. This plant can be found in the northeast, south and southeast of Brazil and in neighboring countries like Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela and Ecuador. There are relatively recent reports in Piauí that the species B. uniflora causes neurotoxic signs in donkeys, cattle and small ruminants. Need for phytochemical analysis of the species as well as investigation of its toxicity, a phytochemical analysis, total flavonoid content (TFC) and the toxicity test against Artemia salina were performed. The phytochemical evaluation of the ethanol extracts from leaves (EFL) and stems (EFS) of B. uniflora, should identify the presence of leucoanthocyanidins, dihydroflavonoids, free steroids, saponin heterosides and alkaloids. As for the content of total flavonoids, it was observed that the EFS presented a higher content of total flavonoids (44.42 ± 1.22 mg ER / g EtOH) when compared to EFL (25.32 ± 1.17 mg ER / g EtOH) The evaluation of the toxicity of the extracts provided the LD50 = 766 µg / mL for the EFL (weakly toxic) and LD50 = 476.7 µg / mL for the EFS (toxic). This is the first report of the phytochemical evaluation and toxicity of B. uniflora stems, which contributes to the chemical-pharmacological prospecting of the species.