Uma abordagem experimental dos osciladores clássicos utilizando a plataforma Arduino

Abstract

The classical harmonic oscillator has analogues in many fields of physics, despite the mechanical example, a mass trapped by a spring seem elemental, os cillatory phenomena form the basis for the understanding of a large number of physical systems that encompass macroscopic and microscopic. However, during the training process, physics students are usually presented only to the theoreti cal models of these oscillators where we have point masses connected to the ideal springs composing systems that are difficult to find in real situations and that, in this way, can lead these students to the misinterpretations of the world around them. Considering this context, we use developed in this work an apparatus that allows experimental study of oscillating systems of the mass-spring type in different situations. The apparatus was used to study the behavior of several configurations of harmonic oscillators under conditions ranging from the presence of resistance forces to the influence of periodic external forces. It was possible to experimentally investigate the phenomenon of resonance, beats, and peculiar characteristics of dif ferent resistance forces imposed on the system. For this purpose, recycled printer sensors were used in conjunction with some low cost electronic components and the Arduino platform acting as interface for reading and data transfer.