Energia solar fotovoltaica e seus impactos socioambientais nos sistemas de bombeamento de água em comunidades rurais do semiárido piauiense

Abstract

The semi-arid region of Piauí has disseminated social technologies in the region's climate emergency. One of them is the water pumping systems by sustainable energy, solar photovoltaic, in the control of rural communities to productive activities and human supply that need to be studied to be better applied to environmental realities. Important in the use of underground water resources, less polluting and alternatives in the face of water and energy scarcity in the reduction of social inequalities. The study aimed to analyze the socio-environmental impacts to rural locations of temporalities for different energy purposes. One, focused on artisanal production, in the ecotourism sector, in Povoado Barreirinho, in Coronel José Dias-PI; and the other, in agroecology by irrigation systems, in the Marcos Settlement, in José de Freitas-PI. The experiences changed rural behaviors due to the potential of solar irradiation and high potability aquifer in income opportunities, adaptation and resilience. They showed the importance of having strategic planning compatible with the environment in the incorporation of sustainable techniques, cooperative strengthening in governance, community empowerment in environmental and economic commitments. The methodology was based on a literature review, interviews with experts on the subject, the receivers of these systems and professionals who carry out work directly linked to renewable energy. In addition to research in newspapers, magazines, monographs, dissertations, theses, material collected on the internet.