Avaliação do conhecimento de profissionais que trabalham em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal em Teresina-PI acerca de proteção radiológica

Abstract

The use of X-ray for diagnostic purposes in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is very common, since it offers a range of benefits in terms of: accurate diagnosis of different pathologies and detection of possible complications, besides influencing, decisively in the therapeutic management and in the prognosis of the newborn (RN). Considering that during the work the multiprofessional team of health interacts with the ionizing radiation, it is assumed that some of these professionals know little or even do not know the dangers of radiation in view of this, errors are committed in clinical practice, besides having questioning by professionals, who often through negligence or lack of knowledge, are the most affected. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of NICU professionals about radiological protection from a private and municipal hospital of Teresina-PI. METHODOLOGY: This is a field research, descriptive with a quantitative methodological approach, carried out from July 17 to August 30, 2017, in two (2) hospitals that have NICU in Teresina-PI, being a service of the municipal public network the private health care network. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The study sample consisted of 44 professionals, 86.3% of whom were women, 36.6% of whom were between 31 and 35 years old, and professional heterogeneity, however, there was a predominance of 72.73% of techniques in nursing. Regarding regulatory norms, 65.9% of the professionals were unaware. As for the effective dose of annual radiation, 68.1% do not know how to judge the value of the dose. 86.3% stated that they did not participate in radioprotection training. During the realization of radiographs 72.7% stand behind a lead wall and 45.4% out of the sector in question. Regarding the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and collective protective equipment (EPC), 90.9% use the lead apron and 4.5% affirm the total absence of radiation protection equipment. CONCLUSION: The evidence suggests the need for training for all NICU practitioners regarding the safe and conscious use of radiation, minimizing the risks of future health related problems, and a greater oversight by health services, regarding the use of safety equipment, being the body responsible for providing safe working conditions to its employees.