Metodologias ativas no ensino de números racionais: revisão integrativa

Abstract

The present article discusses the use of Active Methodologies in the teaching of rational numbers, based on the hypothesis that the teaching of this content can be more effective if carried out in an appropriate way and with the use of pedagogical methodologies that consider the needs and abilities of the students. The objective of the research was to analyze works that involved active methodologies for teaching rational numbers, in order to identify possible strategies to be used in the future. Based on the difficulties of learning the content of rational numbers listed by VALERA (2003), as well as the ideas of school and methodologies shaped by MORÁN (2015), this work interrelates the conceptions about active methodologies and teaching learning. Regarding the methodology applied, the integrative review was chosen for its exploratory character. To this end, a search was carried out in the Brazilian journal bases Google Acadêmico, Periodic da Capes, BIA and SciELO, of empirical studies, in Portuguese, and published between 2019 and 2023, which resulted in the selection of only four works. After the analysis, it was realized that, despite the minimum number of works located, all the methodologies studied were able to improve the teaching and learning of rational numbers. It was then found that, if well planned and structured, the use of any active methodology can be effective in teaching and learning rational numbers.