Práticas inclusivas no ensino de ciências da natureza: uma revisão de estratégias e evidências educacionais eficazes

Abstract

Inclusive education aims to ensure the full participation and access of all students to education, regardless of their characteristics and individual needs. The study had the main objective of analyzing inclusive practices in the teaching of Natural Sciences, investigating the evolution of inclusive education in this field, and identifying effective educational strategies. The methodology employed consists of a narrative literature review encompassing research, official documents, and studies related to inclusion in the teaching of Sciences. Inclusion in this educational area is essential to provide all students with access to essential knowledge for life and participation in society. Effective educational strategies identified include curricular flexibility, collaborative learning, specialized support, and the use of assistive technology. Furthermore, the importance of teacher training to address diversity in the classroom and the adaptation of schools to the needs of students with disabilities is highlighted. In conclusion, although inclusion in the teaching of Natural Sciences poses a challenge, it is essential to promote a truly inclusive and accessible education. The continuous evolution of public policies, raising awareness in society, and strengthening teacher education are crucial to ensure that all students have the opportunity to fully participate in the construction of scientific knowledge and in their civic education. Inclusion is seen as a valuable contribution to a fairer and more equitable society, where individual differences are valued and respected, enriching the educational experience of each student.