Introduzindo o conceito de referenciais não inerciais na mecânica para discentes do curso de licenciatura em física

Abstract

In physics, the concept of a reference frame is essential for the analysis of phenomena, especially in the field of Mechanics. It is from this concept that the analysis of a problem begins, measurements are established, and the approach to solve it is determined. There are two types of reference frames: inertial frames, where a free particle (free from external influences) continues in its state of motion, whether at rest or moving in a straight line at a constant velocity; and non-inertial frames, which are accelerated. The latter type is often not addressed or is covered superficially in some basic physics textbooks. However, non-inertial reference frames are actually the ones most commonly encountered in our surroundings, such as a car making a turn, a plane taking off, and many other examples. Therefore, understanding this topic is essential for professionals in the exact sciences, especially for future physics teachers, who will be responsible for teaching and disseminating knowledge, thus needing to be as knowledgeable as possible about the field in which they will work. In light of this, it is important to propose and develop a sequence of lessons for undergraduate physics students, using Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning as the theoretical framework. It is expected that, when applied, students will achieve meaningful learning of the concepts related to Mechanics in non-inertial reference frames, their applications, and their importance. This will lead to a deeper understanding and knowledge of Mechanics.