Diagnóstico ambiental do Riacho Coroatá, Elesbão Veloso - PI: impactos do crescimento urbano e dos efluentes no ecossistema local

Abstract

Disorderly urban growth and without adequate planning, together with the irregular discharge of effluents, cause serious environmental impacts, especially in the quality of the water resources inserted there. The objective of this work was to present an environmental diagnosis of the Coroatá stream, located in the municipality of Elesbão Veloso, Piauí, focusing on the negative impacts caused by unplanned urban expansion. The research was carried out in a stretch of the stream, both in the rainy and dry seasons, with physical-chemical and microbiological analyses of the water. The results of the analyses were compared with the standards established by Conama Resolutions No. 357/2005 and nº. 274/2000. In addition, the data obtained indicate that uncontrolled urban growth, including the irregular occupation of the banks, violates the Permanent Preservation Area (APP) of the Coroatá stream, compromising the riparian forest and water quality. High levels of contamination by total coliforms and Escherichia coli were identified, exceeding the legal limits for bathing, making the water unsuitable for recreational activities and human consumption. The physicochemical analyses revealed variations in the parameters of pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen and total solids, especially during the dry season, highlighting the impact of urbanization and pollution on the watercourse. The study concludes that, in addition to pollution and environmental degradation, urban expansion without planning compromises the ecological integrity of the Coroatá stream.