Avaliação do processo de compostagem de uma empresa de Teresina PI

Abstract

Organic waste represents the majority of waste generated in Brazil, being produced on a large scale. Despite its potential for decomposition by organisms and bacteria through composting, which transforms this waste into nutrient-rich organic compost, the waste of this material is a significant problem. When discarded inappropriately, these residues do not return to the environment as natural fertilizer, essential for improving soil structure and fertility, in addition to increasing crop vigor and productivity. In this context, this work aimed to analyze the composting processing criteria adopted by a company in Teresina, Piaui, verifying its compliance with current environmental legislation, and proposing sustainable alternatives to minimize waste and optimize the process. The results demonstrated that the company does not adopt environmentally and legally appropriate practices, showing waste in the compost's potential due to problems such as excess nitrogen, inadequate temperature, excessive humidity, lack of ventilation and oxygenation, in addition to the presence of larvae and a high volume of leachate, which generate bad smells and compromise the quality of the product, making it possibly contaminated or ineffective. There is no analysis of the compound produced. To address this problem, sustainable solutions have been proposed, such as the use of biological accelerators to accelerate the degradation and reuse of liquid waste, aiming to reduce waste and ensure an efficient and environmentally friendly process.