Elaboração e implementação do plano de manutenção, operação e controle de condicionadores de ar em ambientes hospitalares

Abstract

The management and maintenance of air conditioning systems in hospitals ensure air quality and the safety of patients and healthcare professionals. Law No. 13,589/2018 requires the implementation of the Maintenance, Operation and Control Plan (PMOC) in buildings for public and collective use. Initially regulated by RDC No. 09 of ANVISA, this standard was replaced by ABNT NBR 17037, which incorporates international best practices to improve hospital air conditioning. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of air conditioning systems in containing infectious agents, reinforcing the need for adequate renewal and treatment of air in closed environments. The mechanical engineer plays an essential role in this context, designing and supervising facilities that meet regulatory requirements and ensure safe and efficient operation. This study analyzes 77 air conditioning equipment installed in a reference oncology hospital in Teresina - PI, located in highly critical areas, where air quality is essential for the safety of procedures and occupants. Initially, the documentary research considered technical standards from ASHRAE, ANVISA and ABNT to define air conditioning and air quality requirements. Subsequently, the field analysis focused on environments such as CPA, Sterilization, Hemodynamics and ICUs. The development and implementation of the PMOC followed regulatory guidelines, including inspection, cleaning and maintenance of equipment. Biochemical analyses of air quality were conducted before and after six months of application of the PMOC, comparing results with current standards to assess improvements in the system. The study allowed the inventory of equipment and the analysis of regulatory standards, helping to define more assertive maintenance activities. The application of the PMOC identified the main maintenance required, reducing corrective interventions and ensuring adequate temperature and humidity control in accordance with NBR 17037:2024. The air quality analyses confirmed improvements in the equipment operating parameters, evidencing the positive impact of the plan on the efficiency of air conditioning systems.