Rasgo no Tegumento de Sementes de Soja: Implicações Fisiológicas e Comerciais

Abstract

The integrity of the soybean seed coat is a key factor in maintaining its physiological quality, directly affecting attributes such as germination, vigor, and viability. Among the main types of damage to this structure, seed coat tearing stands out due to its multiple causes and its agronomic and commercial impacts. This study aimed to analyze, through a systematized literature review, the effects of seed coat tearing on the physiological quality of soybean seeds, identifying its causes, practical consequences, and possible mitigation strategies. The methodology consisted of a critical analysis of recent technical and scientific publications, prioritizing well- established sources in the seed technology field. The reviewed literature shows that seed coat tearing can result from genetic factors, such as the susceptibility of specific cultivars; environmental conditions, such as humidity fluctuations during maturation and harvest; and operational practices, particularly related to mechanical harvesting, drying, and processing. This damage disrupts uniform water absorption, increases embryo exposure to pathogens, and accelerates deterioration, negatively affecting seed storage and field performance. From a commercial standpoint, the presence of seed coat damage reduces lot acceptance, creates logistical restrictions, and increases production costs. Therefore, investing in more resistant lines and choosing cultivars adapted to local conditions, along with proper management practices, helps preserve the integrity of the seed coat and seed quality. Proper adjustment of integrated strategies involving genetics, management, technology, and quality control. Thus, preserving the seed coat is crucial for maintaining seed quality and the sustainability of the soybean production chain, making continuous physical and physiological monitoring indispensable to ensure high seed performance