Agricultura de precisão no cultivo de soja: Tencnologias e aplicações

Abstract

The urbanization process has demanded the adoption of techniques that increase production efficiency in a sustainable manner. In this context, precision agriculture emerges as a promising alternative, enabling the optimization of input use, crop monitoring, and automation of activities, reducing production costs. These technologies are widely applied in crops of great economic importance to Brazilian agribusiness, such as soybeans. Despite their potential, this field still faces challenges that limit the implementation of these tools. The objective of this work is to analyze the contributions of precision agriculture to soybean cultivation, with an emphasis on increasing productivity and identifying the main technologies and applications used in its management, as well as investigating the main challenges faced by producers. This is an exploratory and qualitative literature review, conducted through the analysis of scientific articles in databases such as Google Scholar, Scielo, and Capes Journals, with an emphasis on publications from the last ten years. Some of the main technologies used in the field were identified, such as drones for remote sensing, autopilot, variable rate application, and weather stations. Challenges include deficiencies in communication and technical assistance, lack of connectivity in the field, and high implementation costs. The conclusion is that precision agriculture is an essential resource for increasing efficiency in soybean production, requiring increased investment in research, rural credit, public policies, and connectivity infrastructure to overcome these challenges