Análise espaço-temporal da seca na Bacia do Rio Parnaíba (1985-2024) com base em índices espectrais e computação em nuvem

Abstract

The article presents a spatio-temporal analysis of drought in the Parnaíba River Hydrographic Basin covering the period from 1985 to 2024. Utilizing remote sensing and the Google Earth Engine platform , the Standardized Vegetation Index was applied to monitor vegetation vigor and water anomalies in the basin.Keywords: Tradução dos termos descritores para o inglês. The historical series of the index revealed a clear regime transition over the four decades. The initial period, from 1985 to 2009, was characterized by a high frequency and severity of drought , with predominantly negative values, indicating water stress and high ecosystem vulnerability. In contrast, the most recent period, from 2010 to 2024, demonstrated a significant recovery and a consistent improvement in moisture conditions, marked by the index's ascent to the positive range. The results, confirmed by the spatial distribution , indicate a replacement of extensive drought areas with normal to humid conditions in recent years. The study concludes that the methodology is efficient for monitoring drought in the Parnaíba basin , providing essential data for water planning and environmental management in the region.