O ensino de física ministrado na cidade de Parnaíba: um olhar a partir da percepção dos docentes

Abstract

This research analyzes the panorama of Physics teaching in the city of Parnaíba, Piauí, from the perception of teachers who teach the subject in basic education. The objectives consist of knowing the level of teacher satisfaction with the Physics teaching offered by local institutions, identifying the main obstacles to learning, and verifying the perception of quality between the public and private school systems. Methodologically, the study is characterized as descriptive research with a quantitative approach, conducted through a survey with questionnaires applied to teachers from a sample corresponding to 30% of the city's high schools. The results indicate a qualified and experienced teaching staff, but confronted by relevant systemic obstacles, highlighting the lack of basic mathematical knowledge and the difficulties in reading and text comprehension by the students. Although most teachers perceive their pedagogical practice as a positive factor for teaching quality, the lack of infrastructure and the scarcity of laboratories are pointed out as factors that compromise the effectiveness of the teaching-learning process and limit the diversification of pedagogical practices. Furthermore, a predominant perception is observed that Physics teaching has better quality in the private network than in the public network. The results reveal, finally, a contrast between the positive evaluation that teachers make of their own performance and the predominance of perceptions of dissatisfaction or neutrality regarding the quality of local Physics teaching as a whole. It is concluded that the improvement of Physics teaching in Parnaíba requires investments in school infrastructure and the implementation of public policies aimed at reducing formative gaps in the initial stages of basic education.