Decomposição de arquiteturas de produtos existentes em módulos para a formação de famílias de produtos modulares: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

This research analyzes how the scientific literature addresses the decomposition of existing physical product architectures into modules, with emphasis on methods, clustering techniques, input data, modularization drivers, and representation forms used to support the formation of modular product families. To this end, a Systematic Literature Review was conducted, limited to the Scopus database. The initial search returned 931 records, a number reduced to 661 after applying language and subject area filters. The studies were then organized and screened with the support of the Rayyan tool, which was used to assist in the selection process, the reading of titles, abstracts, and keywords, and the recording of inclusion and exclusion decisions. After this stage, 320 studies were considered potentially relevant. The application of the time frame covering the years 2025 and 2026 resulted in 18 articles for full-text reading, of which four composed the final review corpus. The results indicate the predominance of bottom-up approaches, the use of square and weighted Design Structure Matrices (DSMs), and clustering algorithms aimed at increasing internal cohesion and reducing coupling between modules. It was also observed that data collection still largely depends on human assessments and the manual completion of matrices. Rectangular matrices appear only in complementary stages and are not directly used as the main structure for module formation. It is concluded that there are still opportunities for the development of methods based on rectangular matrices, the automated extraction of data from CAD or three-dimensional models, and the generation of different modular architecture alternatives.