Tratamento radioterápico de Adenoma Hipofisário

Abstract

Pituitary adenoma is a benign tumor of the pituitary gland that, although non-malignant, may impair hormonal balance and affect adjacent neurological structures, leading to significant clinical manifestations. Objective: To analyze the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of pituitary adenomas, with emphasis on technological advances and therapeutic efficacy. Methods: This bibliographic review was conducted using electronic databases (SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Virtual Health Library), including studies published between 2007 and 2024, selected using descriptors related to radiotherapy and pituitary adenoma. Results: Radiotherapy demonstrated high effectiveness in local tumor control and hormonal remission, particularly with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). These techniques provide greater precision in target volume delineation, improved sparing of critical organs, and reduced treatment-related toxicity. Conclusion: Radiotherapy is a safe and effective therapeutic option, especially in cases of tumor recurrence, incomplete surgical resection, or contraindications to surgery, and has become an essential component of the multidisciplinary management of pituitary adenomas.