Estudo das matérias-primas e formulações de massas cerâmicas para fabricação de telhas

Abstract

The current stage of ceramics industries in the states of Maranhão and Piauí is quite optimistic, becoming one of the supply chains of major relevance, profitability and major generator of jobs. This scenario is due to the ease of finding raw materials quality in both states. The present study aims to characterize and evaluate the technological properties of clays four known commercially as Taguá, Medium, and Strong Yellow, and formulations of these masses derived clays to better utilization of raw materials studied for the production of tiles. For this, the four clays were characterized by chemical and mineralogical composition, plasticity, thermal and microestrural behavior and particle size analysis. The standard test samples were extruded clay and burned at temperatures of 800 ° C, 850 ° C, 900 ° C and 950 ° C, then, technological tests linear shrinkage, water absorption and apparent porosity were performed, bulk density and mechanical resistance to bending. The proposed formulations in this work were characterized by particle size and plasticity. After fabrication of the specimens extruded them were burned at the same temperatures that were submitted the samples to the standard clays later technological tests of linear shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity, bulk density and mechanical strength were performed at bending and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of the burned bodies of evidence. The results showed that the raw materials from the northern half region show significant similarities in chemical and mineral composition, the use of formulations is required to improve quality of the final product, and the use of these formulations brought about a significant gain in increased resistance mechanics of ceramics.