Sistema de informação geográfica aplicado na análise socioeconômica: estudo de caso a município de Teresina - PI, Brasil

Abstract

Improvements regarding the socioeconomic inequalities worldwide are showing progress, however, Brazil still has racism as one of the structural elements of this inequality. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the spatial behavior of monthly income and race variables in the census tracts of Teresina for 2010 applying spatial analysis tools in GIS environment. The methodology used to achieve this objective was based on Spatial Data Exploration Analysis of both visualization and spatial autocorrelation, applying the Local Moran Index. With the analysis carried out in GIS it was possible to perceive the economic inequalities linked to the races. The results showed that there is a positive correlation between the white and black races with income, i.e. in the regions aggregate with higher income was also located the largest amount of white, and in the regions aggregate with low income were the highest amount of black race, and for the other races, the results were not very significant. The GIS proved to be an excellent tool to confirm the existence of these inequalities, where it was possible to transform the information revealing aspects that were implicit, besides allowing the presentation of this information in the form of a map, facilitating the presentation and better understanding of the results