Estudo dos constituintes químicos do óleo essencial de Croton blanchetianus presentes no Povoado Olho D'Água no Município de Parnaíba - PI

Abstract

The species Croton blanchetianus is a plant native to the Northeast of Brazil, popularly known as quince tree. This plant species is widely used in folk medicine because its peels are used to treat injuries and tea made from the leaves and barks of the trunk are used to alleviate malaise and stomach pains. The species belongs to the genus Croton, which is the second largest of the Euphorbiaceae family, most of the species that form the genus Croton produce essential oils, presenting in their constitution sesquiterpenos and monoterpenos as main constituents. The present work had as objective to identify the volatile chemical constituents present in the essential oil of the Croton blanchetianus leaf of the Olho d'Água Village in the Municipality of Parnaíba-PI. The extraction of the essential oil was carried out by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type essential oil dispenser, modified by O. R. Gottlieb, the leaves were collected in a single plant and at three different times. The samples collected and analyzed in this study allowed obtaining essential oil with an average yield of 0.40% with the identification of 79 compounds. It has five common major components (1R) - α-Peneene, caryophyllene, 1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2- (1methylethenyl) -4- (1-methylethylidene) -Cyclohexane and spatulenol, highlighting the eucalyptol which presented The highest percentage at all collection times. Among the components of the essential oil of Croton blanchetianus leaves identified in this study are eucalyptol, espatulenol, cariophilene and germacrene D, confirming the presence of compounds already mentioned in the literature and belonging to the genus Croton and the species Croton blanchetianus.