Custos de produção e viabilidade econômica da soja em sistema de semeadura direta no centro oeste maranhense

Abstract

Knowing the production costs of an activity is an essential part of the producer's planning, this tool is essential to verify the cost of production. In this way, it is important to compare costs and productivity to verify the economic viability of the activity. In view of the above, the objective of this work was to estimate production costs and economic viability with soybean cultivation in a no-tillage system in the center-west of Maranhão. The research was conducted, in the form of a case study, in two properties Green Hill and Pacas IV, located in the municipalities of Colinas and Mirador respectively in the state of Maranhão. For the cost survey, the methodology of effective operational cost (COE) and total operational cost (TCO) and economical feasibility methodology were used. The data were collected from a spreadsheet with the properties administrative sector, in the 2017/2018 harvest. Averages and percentages of each item of soybean production cost were calculated in one hectare. The COT on the Green Hill was R $ 1,941.23 and Pacas IV was R $ 1,872.80, with emphasis on inputs that represented 78.24% and 83.27%. The soybean crop in the studied properties proved to be profitable in the 2017/2018 harvest. The total operating cost (TOC) leveling point was 25 ha-1 bags and an average operating profit of R $ 2,525.98 ha-1, representing an average profitability index of 56.6%.