Estratégia de manejo de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Soybean grain productivity is greatly influenced by weed interference. These can affect everything from establishing the desired plant density of the crop to grain harvesting, due to difficulties in the final operation. However, soybeans in coexistence with weeds have their growth and development most impaired during the vegetative phase (between 20 and 50 days after emergence), considered the critical period of weed interference in soybeans, due to intense competition for resources such as water, light and nutrients, causing serious economic damage when not managed correctly. The present review aimed to discuss the importance of interference from invasive plants, as well as report the main strategies and management tools that can guarantee greater flexibility and efficiency in the control of weeds in soybeans. The application of herbicides to control weeds in soybeans is still the practice most adopted by producers. However, the successive application of certain active ingredients can lead to the development of resistant plants, reducing the effectiveness of the products, increasing production costs, in addition to possible environmental damage and risking food security for populations. The use of integrated management strategies and tools is crucial to achieving greater efficiency in reducing the level of weed interference in soybeans. Such management measures are key and can minimize the emergence of weeds with resistance to herbicides, in addition to helping to maintain the useful life of available biotechnologies