Desempenho agronômico de cultivares de feijão-caupi de porte ereto e prostrado no cerrado piauiense

Abstract

Cowpea is a culture of high socioeconomic expression as it generates job employees. In Piauí, due to its economic and social importance, which generates employment and income generation, it is a traditional activity. The present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of upright and prostrate cowpea cultivars under rainfed conditions in the cerrado of Piauí. The experiment was carried out under rainfed conditions in the water harvest at the Experimental Farm of the Federal Institute of Piauí - Campus Uruçuí, in Uruçuí, state of Piauí. The treatments consisted of ten cowpea cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications. The test was conducted in the agricultural year 2018/2019, with manual sowing on December 11 and harvest on March 1. The variables analyzed were: cycle (days to maturity); the number of pods per plant (nº); the number of grains per pod (nº); a mass of 100 grains (g) and grain yield (kg ha-1). The cultivars BRS Tumucumaque, BRS Pajeú and BRS Guariba stand out with better agronomic performance, presenting higher grain yield averages and satisfactory values for production components, and also, for presenting plant size and grain characteristics according to commercial standard, which represents the possibility of adaptation to cultivation in the cerrado conditions of Piauí. The cultivars BRS Itaim and BRS Novaera have low yield performance, which limits the indication for commercial cultivation in the region.