Juventudes rurais e o dilema do êxodo rural: uma revisão do estado da arte

Abstract

The exodus of rural youth has been the subject of interest in numerous studies over the past few decades. Earlier studies focused on understanding the factors that cause or influence young people to leave rural areas and migrate to urban areas. This study seeks to investigate how this phenomenon has been understood in more recent research on the topic. This is a qualitative study using an integrative literature review. Based on a bibliographic survey conducted in the databases Periódicos CAPES, SciELO, and Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, using the 2015- 2025 timeframe, 25 studies were retrieved, including scientific articles and academic papers (dissertations and theses), which were analyzed and provided a synthesis of the knowledge produced. The results demonstrated the continued exodus of rural youth from rural areas, but also highlight several initiatives that seek to address this phenomenon and encourage young people to remain in their places of origin. These initiatives encompass policies on education, sustainable economic development, culture, and agrarian reform. The research did not discuss the reality of rural riverside youth or rural LGBTQIAPN+ youth. This topic needs to be addressed in the literature as an extension of the debate in future studies