Parâmetro fisiológicos e índice bioclimatológicos para pequenos ruminantes no Semiárido: estudo metanalítico

Abstract

The objective was to analyze the adaptive physiological responses of native and exotic sheep and goats, raised in the Brazilian semi-arid region, based on experiments carried out in Brazil between 2010 and 2020. The selection of scientific works was carried out using a systematic analysis through the Google Scholar, Scielo and Capes journal platforms, in which 26 articles were selected, with 14 articles referring to the goat species and 12 articles referring to the sheep species. Data were compiled, tabulated and analyzed through calculations of means and standard deviation using Excel® spreadsheets. The results found were exposed in graphs and tables, in which physiological and environmental parameters were used in both species, to perform the statistical analysis using Excel® tools. The ambient temperature ranged from 20.7 to 38.3°C, while the variation of relative air humidity ranged from 27.3 to 81.7% in the analyzed studies. Physiological parameter (rectal temperature and respiratory rate) werehigher in exotic breeds. It is concluded that the environment directly affects the thermal comfort of sheep and goats in the system they are raised. From the physiological parameters it can be inferred that native races originated from semiarid regions have greater adaptability, in which they have greater resistance to heat.