Análise microbiológica associada à avaliação da condição de biossegurança em sala de tomografia computadorizada em um hospital privado em Teresina - PI e em uma unidade de saúde pública em Timon - MA

Abstract

CT is a radiological examination of great importance in health services and is part of the Radiology sector that presents common risks related to the hospital environment. During patient care or in the handling of equipment there is a risk of contamination, since hospital articles are a source of microorganisms. Procedures in this sector should follow biosafety standards that minimize the risk of contamination and preserve the health of those involved. The control of biological risk is a matter of public health, being essential the good conduct of the professionals, capable of acting in an effective and preventive way. Objectives: The study sought to evaluate the Biosafety condition employed in the CT sector of a private hospital and a public hospital, related to actions that contribute to prevention and protection against biological risk. In addition to evaluate the behavior of professionals and the structure of the environment and to verify the effectiveness of biosafety methods through microbiological analyzes. Methodology: This is an experimental research with a qualitative approach. The research was developed in two health centers that perform CT examinations, one belonging to the public network and another to the private network. The study was developed in two stages, the first one constituting a checklist during an in loco observational visit to evaluate the biosafety condition, with emphasis on the biological risk and the second one composed by the microbiological analysis performed through the collection of surface samples using swab sterile test tube containing BHI. The data extracted from the observational cheklist were obtained from the comparison between the observed items and the recommendations of the consulted legislation. The automated (Vitek2) and manual methodology were used to identify the samples. Results: In both hospitals it was possible to observe the use of gloves by professionals when handling patients with skin lesions and bleeding. In the public institution, hand hygiene was rarely practiced. It was verified that the actions of cleaning and disinfection of surfaces in the private hospital follows a daily routine, in the public institution there was no periodicity in the cleaning of surfaces and equipment. The areas analyzed in the public health unit presented more contaminants compared to the private hospital. The presence of the bacteria Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp. and Micrococcus as microbiots more present in the rooms of the two hospitals and these microorganisms remain even after 70% alcohol asepsis. Bacillus sp. was the most present in the two CT rooms of the hospitals. Conclusion: The Biosafety condition of the private network hospital is adequate, presenting a good structure. The public hospital presented an inconsistent Biosafety condition, requiring a more concrete and effective protocol. The problem of biological risk should arouse the interest of radiology professionals and Biosafety demands greater attention in public and private health institutions