Análise de manifestações patológicas na construção civil pelo método GUT: estudo de caso no Instituto Federal do Piauí - Campus Teresina Zona Sul

Abstract

The construction industry in Brazil is characterized by fast execution and a lack of maintenance culture in buildings. Public constructions, such as institutes and universities, are examples of structures that often exhibit low quality due to the absence of a maintenance plan, which could extend their service life. It is essential to implement measures to preserve these structures, ensuring the well-being of users and the safety of the building. This study presents an analysis of the pathological manifestations observed at the Instituto Federal do Piauí – Campus Teresina Zona Sul, aiming to diagnose them, propose corrective measures and prioritizing for the identified issues. Over the years, expansions and modifications have been made to the campus without analyzing the existing problems or developing a maintenance plan. For this research, an inspection was conducted in the blocks comprising the building, using theoretical fundamentations and tools for diagnostics, interviews with staff, and the GUT tool to prioritize pathological manifestations. Issues, such as cracks, leaks, corrosion, mold, efflorescence, ceramic detachment, paint peeling, and settlement of the circulation fill body were identified. The analysis revealed that many of these problems originated from execution and/or design errors and a lack of regular maintenance. Furthermore, the results showed that although most manifestations do not represent significant risks, but still require appropriate attention and the implementation of a maintenance plan.