A reforma do ensino médio no contexto da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT): motivações para (de)formação humana e (des)informação social, impactos e consequências a partir das ciências humanas no IFPI Parnaíba - PI

Abstract

The High School Reform was approved based on Law No. 13,415/2017 and became a source of criticism throughout the country, since it changed the curriculum of the last stage of basic education, placing at the center of the debate issues that permeate the history of education in Brazil, such as the discussion around dual education, where the children of the working class received a technical education focused on the job market and the children of the national elite received an education that encompasses all dimensions of life, preparing them to be leaders. Given this scenario of transformations, the objective of this research was to analyze the impacts and consequences witnessed from the High School Reform in the disciplines of Humanities among teachers who work in the Integrated High School courses at IFPI - Parnaíba Campus. Among the authors who supported the research, Moura (2014) and Ramos (2014) stand out to support the trajectory of Professional and Technological Education in Brazil and Saviani (2007) with his pedagogical theory as a theoretical reference model for the construction of the Integrated Curriculum. A contrast was made between the teaching proposal defended by the High School Reform and the teaching conception based on Historical-Critical Pedagogy, developed by Saviani based on the assumptions of Historical-dialectical Materialism. A field and documentary research was carried out, with a qualitative and descriptive approach, where data were collected through a semi-structured interview with open questions, with the participants being 03 teachers from IFPI - Parnaíba Campus, who work in Integrated High School in the courses Building Technician, Electrical Technician, Computer Technician and Clinical Analysis Technician, in the area of Human Sciences. The interviews were conducted in two ways: in person, at the IFPI facilities, and online, through the Google Meet platform, for those who were unable to attend in person. The Course Pedagogical Projects were also analyzed. The method used for data analysis was Content Analysis, using emerging categories, which guided the entire analytical process. After analyzing the interviews and the PPCs, it was possible to conclude that the IFPI - Parnaíba Campus demonstrated an inclination towards adhering to the high school reform, which could be seen in the participants' statements and in the documents. In these, concepts that dialogue with the reform proposal were identified, as well as EMI's own conceptions from the perspective of comprehensive human education, in a movement called conceptual hybridism. The research is part of the universe of topics discussed by the Postgraduate Program in Professional and Technological Education, which has been playing a leading role in defending an education that breaks with the dichotomy between professional technical education and preparatory education, proposing a comprehensive human formation through an integrated curriculum. The study focuses on PROFEPT's research line II: Organization and Memories of Pedagogical Spaces in Professional and Technological Education. The Educational Product was a digital Illustrative Guide in the format of a photographic memory and showed the trajectory of the Reform, from the implementation of MP nº 746/2016 to the approval of PL nº 14.945/2024, which amended law nº 13.417/2017.