Ecologia nos anos finais do ensino fundamental: uma análise do Currículo do Piauí e a adequação dos livros didáticos adotados nas escolas municipais da zona urbana de São João do Piauí

Abstract

This article presents a critical analysis of the approach to the theme of Ecology in textbooks used by municipal schools in the urban area of São João do Piauí in the final years of Elementary School, observing their adequacy with the guidelines of the Piauí Curriculum. The theme was chosen due to the relevance of ecology as a field that investigates the relationships between living beings and the environment, and is fundamental to civic development and the understanding of contemporary environmental issues. The objective was to analyze the ecology content recommended by the Piauí State Curriculum and the adequacy of the topic in the textbooks used in the Science course for the final years of elementary school in municipal schools in the urban area of São João do Piauí, Piauí. The qualitative research was based on a documentary analysis of science textbooks used in municipal schools, as well as on the standards that will serve as parameters for the analysis: the Piauí Curriculum and the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). The results indicate that, although ecology is present in the textbooks, the treatment given to this content is not fully aligned with the Piauí Curriculum guidelines, merely presenting concepts in a disjointed manner, with little connection to local reality. The need to revise teaching materials is highlighted so that they promote meaningful learning, encouraging students to critically understand ecological relationships and develop skills to intervene in society responsibly and consciously, reflecting their local experiences.