Experimento no ensino de química: propostas para tratamento de efluentes contaminados por corantes têxtil

Abstract

Colors play a fundamental role in our daily lives. Since prehistoric times, pigments have been used in cave paintings, in antiquity, mummies were painted in colorful ways, and in the Modern Age, the exploitation of brazilwood was marked by the search for pigment capable of dyeing fabrics in strong colors. As well as having a visual impact, coloring can also be a source of toxic substances due to the componentes present in dyes, whi- ch are used on a large scale in the dyeing process. According to the World Health Orga - nization, approximately 20% of global water pollution is due to the textile industry, which releases effluents containing microplastics, dyes and other chemicals into the environ - ment. This research is a bibliographical review with a qualitative explorative/descriptive approach, looking for methodologies to be applied in chemistry teaching, with the aim of presenting experimental methodologies to be applied as a practical way of teaching and learning the subject. It is concluded that the proposed objectives were achieved, being of great importance not only in the academic sphere, but for raising awareness of soci - ety, demonstrating the importance of the correct use of water and also presenting how to treat effluents contaminated by textile dyes.