Análise espacial das ocorrências de roubo a motocicletas e automóveis no Piauí entre os anos de 2022 e 2024

Abstract

This study analyzes the spatial dynamics of vehicle robbery occurrences, specifically motorcycles and automobiles, in the municipalities of the state of Piauí between 2022 and 2024. For this purpose, criminal data provided by the Public Security Secretariat of Piauí (SSP-PI), population data from the 2022 IBGE Census, and the road network from DNIT were used. The methodology employed Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) techniques, using QGIS software for rate mapping and GeoDa for calculating Global Moran’s I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), both univariate and bivariate. The results indicated that motorcycles account for 83.32% of stolen vehicles in the period, showing a strong positive spatial autocorrelation with the formation of High-High clusters in the capital, Teresina, and the northern region of the state. The automobile category presented a distinct and less constant spatial pattern, with concentration in the capital and dispersed focal points in the interior associated with the presence of federal highways. It is concluded that the criminal distribution is not random and is influenced by population density and road axes, indicating the need for public security strategies focused on the identified critical areas.