Ensino sobre os aspectos físicos da óptica do olho humano

Abstract

This study addresses the implementation of a Didactic Project in the Physics discipline, focusing on evaluating the effectiveness of experimental practices in teaching the optics of the human eye, with the aim of promoting meaningful learning. The study involved two 2nd-year classes (morning), totaling 20 students, at the CETI Edith Nobre de Castro School, located at Travessa R Dr. Barroso No. 193, Aldeia neighborhood, São Raimundo Nonato-PI. The qualitative research aimed to evaluate the use of experimental practices as a pedagogical tool, although the data analysis adopted a quantitative approach. Initially, a questionnaire was administered to assess students' prior knowledge of the subject matter. This was followed by a theoretical lesson on the physical aspects of the human eye, including vision defects and corrective lenses. After the theory lesson, the initial questionnaire was reapplied to evaluate students' knowledge following the theoretical, dialogued exposition. Subsequently, students participated in a practical activity that included an experiment using models to simulate a normal human eye, one with myopia, and another with hypermetropia. Finally, the questionnaire was reapplied with five questions from the original to analyze the evolution of student learning after the practical activity. The analysis of data obtained from the questionnaires revealed a significant increase in student learning, indicating that the methodology was positively employed.