Escassez de professores de física nas escolas estaduais em Canto do Buriti-PI e suas implicações no ensino

Abstract

The shortage of teachers, especially in the area of exact sciences, such as Physics, is a recurring problem that has affected the quality of teaching and learning. This research aimed to analyze the implications of the shortage of Physics teachers in state schools in the municipality of Canto do Buriti-PI. The study was based on theoretical concepts from authors such as Gatti and Barretto (2009) and Freitas (2002), among others. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to the administrators of the four state schools in the municipality and to the teachers who teach Physics at these institutions. The analysis of the questionnaires was organized into two categories. The data obtained from the administrators indicated that the shortage of teachers is mainly related to the devaluation of the teaching profession, evidenced by low salaries and the lack of incentives for ongoing training. The teachers interviewed reported that most teachers who teach Physics do not have specific training in the area, which makes it difficult to adopt innovative methodologies and experimental practices in the classroom. These practices are essential to arouse students' interest and ensure effective learning. The research highlighted the complexity of the shortage of teachers with specific training and highlighted the need for urgent action by educational administrators and agencies responsible for teacher training. The following measures were suggested: expanding training and continuing education programs; expanding partnerships with universities to offer undergraduate courses in Physics; holding periodic public examinations to ensure the entry of qualified professionals into the education system; and improving working conditions through salary increases, granting benefits, and adapting school infrastructure.