Blue carbon em solos de manguezais piauienses: quantificação e impactos

Abstract

Coastal zones have a series of key ecosystems that generate ecosystem services for the most diverse existing populations. Ecosystems constantly undergo alteration, either through changes conditioned to the typically natural climatic and / or maritime dynamics, or anthropic changes that are generated by activities of exploration and disorderly occupation. However, they correspond legally to permanent preservation areas and demand specific planning policies. To this end, the objective was to understand the pressure dynamics of potentially impacting anthropic activities through natural vulnerabilities and the responses of these environments, the same pressures, in addition to the bioindicator and spatial character of Blue Carbon that responds to such activities. Being used evaluation of use and occupation and vegetation index, as well as the generation of the mapping of environmental vulnerability being finally allied to physical chemical analyzes of the soil, phytosociology and plant health. The dynamics of anthropic activities in the Delta do Parnaíba Environmental Protection Area (APA DPHB) has changed over time in its territory in an irregular manner, due to the growth of agricultural exploitation and deforestation rates that have increased over time. Even so, the occupational distribution in vulnerable zones is of even greater importance, given the natural vulnerability of the morphologies, physiologies and phytosociologies of coastal ecosystems that when occupied lose ecosystem services, and provide risks to the fauna, flora and human populations that inhabit these areas. . This occupation coupled with all vulnerability interferes with the environmental responses of ecosystems to external pressures, the diagnosis of these responses can be identified in one of the most important services of mangroves, carbon stocks. Its stocks proved to be excellent indicators of environmental quality, the understanding of its adsorption to the soil demands a systematization of environmental characteristics of coastal ecosystems, and the mangrove responses to anthropic actions over time. APA DPHB has shown an increase in human activities in the last two decades (1999, 2009 and 2019) although it presents a mosaic of areas moderately to moderately vulnerable to losses from ecosystem services, yet human activities are resilient with 33.33% of carbon stocks in the ranges normal to mangroves indicated by the literature.