Caracterização morfológica e desempenho produtivo do milho(Zea mays L.) inoculado com bactérias promotoras de crescimento vegetal

Abstract

Faced with the high costs of using nitrogen fertilizers and the growing concern about environmental issues, the inoculation of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) has been a promising alternative for reducing the use of mineral nitrogen. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of using PGPB of the genera Bacillus and Azospirillum inoculated via seeds in association with nitrogen doses on the growth and production parameters of the corn crop. The experiment was conducted between the months of December 2022 to April 2023, in the city of Paulistana, PI. Five treatments were used: ESA 674 (inoculation with the bacterium ESA 674 of the genus Bacillus + nitrogen fertilization based on 10kg ha-1 of N); M163 (inoculation with the bacterium M163 of the genus Bacillus + nitrogen fertilization based on 10kg ha-1 of N); ABV5 (inoculation with the reference bacterium of the genus Azospillium, strain Ab-v5 + nitrogen fertilization based on 10kg ha-1 of N); TC (control treatment, without any type of inoculation and without N supplementation) and TN (nitrogen control, based on a fertilization of 90 kg ha-1 of N and without any type of inoculation). The following variables were evaluated: dry shoot mass (MPAS), dry root mass (MRS), plant height (AP), N content in leaves, weight and length of green corn ears, mass of 100 grains and yield . The inoculated plants presented growth parameters: height, leaf N content, 100-grain mass and productivity, similar to the nitrogen control and the reference strain, and superior to the TC. The strains tested in this study have potential for inoculation in corn plants, providing savings in nitrogen fertilizers without harming the growth and productivity of the crop