Aplicações descentralizadas (dApps) em blockchain: Estudo de caso e comparação de plataformas.

Abstract

Blockchain technology has spurred the development of Decentralized Applications (dApps), which operate without a central authority, promising enhanced transparency and security. However, the diversity of available platforms, each with distinct technological characteristics, presents a significant challenge for developers. This work aimed to analyze and compare the key technological differences among the leading blockchain dApp platforms. A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study was conducted, focusing on four popular market platforms: Ethereum, Solana, Polkadot, and Binance Smart Chain. The analysis was structured based on criteria such as scalability, transaction cost, ease of development, interoperability, and energy efficiency. The results demonstrate that there is no universally superior platform, but rather a trade-off between security, performance, and decentralization. Ethereum stands out for its security and mature ecosystem, making it ideal for high-value applications. Solana offers superior performance for high-volume applications, such as gaming. Polkadot excels in native interoperability, and Binance Smart Chain is notable for its accessibility and low costs. It is concluded that the choice of the ideal platform is intrinsically dependent on the specific needs of each project.