Análise espaço - temporal das mudanças no uso da terra no município de Corrente - Piauí

Abstract

Human development has intensely exploited natural resources, especially the soil, generating the disorderly expansion of cities to meet population and economic growth, resulting in serious environmental consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatio-temporal changes in land use and land cover in the municipality of Corrente - PI, for the years 2000 to 2023, using remote sensing techniques. The cartographic data was obtained from the database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the scenes used to create the land use and land cover maps were obtained from the MapBiomas platform, Collection 9, and the techniques were applied in the QGIS 3.34.9 software. The data was statistically analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk, Bartlett and Pearson correlation tests, using the R software. As a result, the analysis between the years 2000 and 2023 identified 10 classes of use, with soybean standing out for the greatest growth, with 5213.80%, followed by cotton (2376%), urban expansion (87.02%) and pasture (82.43%). In contrast, non-forest natural formations decreased by 55.73%, and the class of rivers, lakes and oceans decreased by 49.64%, indicating the significant loss of natural ecosystems due to anthropogenic pressures. In conclusion, the results indicate that the intensification of agricultural and urban activities is directly associated with the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystems. These findings highlight the urgent need for public policies that promote sustainable practices, focusing on the preservation of native vegetation, recovery of degraded areas and pasture management