Impactos ambientais do rio Gurguéia sob o trecho do perímetro urbano em São Gonçalo do Gurguéia

Abstract

Over the years, population growth has caused numerous problems to the environment, a situation intensified by the overexploitation of natural resources in a disorderly way, causing their intense degradation. This work was carried out on the banks of the Gurguéia River in the Permanent Preservation Area (APP) located in the urban perimeter of São Gonçalo do Gurguéia-PI, aiming to identify the environmental impacts on the river APP and propose mitigating measures. In this study, the environmental impacts were identified through an on-site visit to obtain the data, along the banks of the Gurgueia River. The method for assessing environmental impacts was the Leopold-derived Impact Assessment Matrix. The qualitative parameters considered for the matrix composition were Characterization and Weighting. As a result, the environmental diagnosis of the Gurguéia River APP showed that the area is in a stage of environmental degradation due to the occurrence of environmental impacts that affect the physical, biotic and anthropic environment. The main environmental impacts identified and characterized are related to the suppression of vegetation and reduction of soil quality. Most of the environmental impacts identified in the APP were classified as negative, which are related to the following environmental aspects: disposal of various solid waste, release of domestic effluents, absence or inefficiency of rainwater drainage channels, erosion / silting, trails interiors and suppression of vegetation. In addition, the Weighting of the results showed that, in general, the environmental impacts were presented as very significant, requiring control measures, monitoring and the adoption of mitigating measures immediately